[Tekinoloje] Kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kapangidwe ka galasi looneka ngati U ndikoyenera kusonkhanitsa!

Eni ake ndi okonza mapulani amalandila khoma la galasi looneka ngati U chifukwa lili ndi zinthu zambiri.Mwachitsanzo, kutsika kwa kutentha kocheperako, ntchito yabwino yotchinjiriza kutentha, kusiyana kwamitundu yaying'ono, Kuyika kosavuta komanso kofulumira komanso zomangamanga, ntchito yabwino yamoto, kupulumutsa ndalama ndi kuteteza chilengedwe, ndi zina zambiri.

01. Chiyambi cha galasi chooneka ngati U

Galasi yopangidwa ndi U-yomanga (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti galasi lachannel) imapangidwa mosalekeza ndikugudubuza koyamba kenako ndikupanga.Amatchedwa "U" -gawo lofanana ndi "U".Ndi galasi lodziwika bwino lazomangamanga.Pali mitundu yambiri ya magalasi okhala ndi mawonekedwe a U okhala ndi kuwala kwabwino koma osawoneka bwino, magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri otenthetsera matenthedwe ndi mawu, mphamvu zamakina apamwamba kuposa magalasi wamba wamba, kapangidwe kosavuta, kamangidwe kapadera ndi zokongoletsa, ndipo zimatha kupulumutsa ndalama zambiri— mbiri zitsulo zopepuka zogwiritsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana.

Zogulitsazo zadutsa kuyang'anira kwa National Glass Quality Supervision and Inspection Center malinga ndi zomangamanga zomwe zimapangidwira JC/T867-2000, "galasi lopangidwa ndi U," ndipo zisonyezo zosiyanasiyana zaukadaulo zimapangidwira molingana ndi muyezo wamakampani aku Germany DIN1249. ndi 1055. Zogulitsazo zidaphatikizidwa m'gulu la zida zatsopano zamakoma m'chigawo cha Yunnan mu February 2011.

 

02. Kuchuluka kwa ntchito

Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'makoma osanyamula katundu wamkati ndi kunja, magawo, ndi madenga a nyumba zamafakitale ndi zachitukuko monga ma eyapoti, masiteshoni, malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi, mafakitale, nyumba zamaofesi, mahotela, malo okhala, ndi nyumba zobiriwira.

03. Gulu la galasi lopangidwa ndi U

Amadziwika ndi mtundu: wopanda mtundu, wopoperapo mitundu yosiyanasiyana, komanso wojambulidwa mumitundu yosiyanasiyana.Ambiri ntchito colorless.

Kugawikana ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba: ojambulidwa, osalala, mawonekedwe abwino.Zithunzi zojambulidwa nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.Zodziwika ndi mphamvu: wamba, wokwiya, filimu, filimu yolimbikitsidwa, ndi wosanjikiza wodzaza.

04. Miyezo yolozera ndi ma atlasi

Zomangamanga makampani muyezo JC/T 867-2000 "U-zoboola pakati galasi yomanga."German Industrial Standard DIN1055 ndi DIN1249.National Building Standard Design Atlas 06J505-1 "Kukongoletsa Kwakunja (1)."

05. Ntchito Yopanga Zomangamanga

Galasi yooneka ngati U ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati khoma m'makoma amkati, makoma akunja, magawo, ndi nyumba zina.Makoma akunja nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba zansanjika zambiri, ndipo kutalika kwa galasi kumadalira kuchuluka kwa mphepo, galasi lochokera pansi, ndi njira yolumikizira magalasi.Nkhani yapaderayi (Zowonjezera 1) imapereka deta yofunikira pa Miyezo ya Germany Industrial Standards DIN-1249 ndi DIN-18056 posankha popanga nyumba zamitundu yambiri komanso zazitali.Chithunzi cha node cha khoma lakunja kwa galasi looneka ngati U chikufotokozedwa makamaka mu National Building Standard Design Atlas 06J505-1 "Kukongoletsa Kwakunja (1)" ndi nkhani yapaderayi.

Galasi yooneka ngati U ndi chinthu chosayaka.Kuyesedwa ndi National Fireproof Building Materials Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, malire okana moto ndi 0.75h (mzere umodzi, 6mm wandiweyani).Ngati pali zofunikira zapadera, mapangidwewo ayenera kuchitidwa molingana ndi zofunikira, kapena njira zotetezera moto zidzatengedwa.

Galasi lopangidwa ndi U litha kukhazikitsidwa pagawo limodzi kapena lawiri, kapena opanda ma seam olowera mpweya panthawi yoyika.Kusindikiza kwapadera kumeneku kumangopereka mitundu iwiri ya mapiko a mzere umodzi omwe akuyang'ana kunja (kapena mkati) ndi mapiko a mizere iwiri yokonzedwa awiriawiri pamizere.Ngati zosakaniza zina zikugwiritsidwa ntchito, ziyenera kufotokozedwa.

Galasi yooneka ngati U imatenga zophatikizira zisanu ndi zitatu zotsatirazi malinga ndi mawonekedwe ake komanso ntchito yomanga.

06. Magalasi ooneka ngati U

Zindikirani: Kutalika kwakukulu kopereka sikufanana ndi kutalika kwa ntchito.

07. Kuchita kwakukulu ndi zizindikiro

Zindikirani: Galasi yopangidwa ndi U ikayikidwa mu mizere iwiri kapena mzere umodzi, ndipo kutalika kwake ndi osachepera 4m, mphamvu yopindika ndi 30-50N / mm2.Pamene galasi lopangidwa ndi U liikidwa pamzere umodzi, ndipo kutalika kwa unsembe kumakhala kwakukulu kuposa 4m, tengani mtengo malinga ndi tebulo ili.

08. Njira yoyika

Kukonzekera asanakhazikitse: Wopanga magalasi ayenera kumvetsetsa malamulo oyika magalasi ooneka ngati U, kudziwa njira zoyambira zoyika magalasi ooneka ngati U, ndikuchita maphunziro akanthawi kochepa kwa ogwira ntchito.Sainani "Pangano la Chitsimikizo cha Chitetezo" ndikulemba mu "Zomwe zili mu Project Contract" musanalowe malo omanga.

Kupanga njira yokhazikitsira: Musanalowe pamalo omanga, pangani "ndondomeko yoyika" potengera momwe zinthu ziliri, ndipo tumizani zofunikira pakuyika m'manja mwa wogwiritsa ntchito aliyense, yemwe akuyenera kuzidziwa bwino ndikuzidziwa. wokhoza kuyigwiritsa ntchito.Ngati ndi kotheka, konzani maphunziro apansi, makamaka chitetezo.Palibe amene angaphwanye ndondomeko zoyendetsera ntchito.

Zofunikira pakuyika: Nthawi zambiri gwiritsani ntchito zida zapadera za aluminiyamu, ndipo zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri kapena zitsulo zakuda zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito malinga ndi zosowa za ogwiritsa ntchito.Chitsulo cha mbiri yachitsulo chikagwiritsidwa ntchito, chiyenera kukhala ndi chithandizo chabwino cha anti-corrosion ndi anti- dzimbiri.Zida za chimango ndi khoma kapena kutsegulira kwa nyumba ziyenera kukhazikika, ndipo pasapezeke malo osachepera awiri pa mita imodzi.

Kuwerengera kutalika kwa kukhazikitsa: onani chithunzi cholumikizidwa (onani tebulo la kutalika kwa galasi loyika).Galasi yooneka ngati U ndi khoma lotumiza kuwala lomwe limayikidwa mu dzenje lalikulu la chimango.Kutalika kwa galasi ndi kutalika kwa dzenje la chimango kuchotsera 25-30mm.M'lifupi sifunika kuganizira modulus yomanga chifukwa galasi lopangidwa ndi U likhoza kudulidwa mosasamala.0 ~ 8m scaffolding.Njira yopachika basiketi nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyika malo okwera, omwe ndi otetezeka, othamanga, othandiza komanso osavuta.

09. Njira yoyika

Konzani zomangira za aluminiyamu mnyumbayo ndi ma bolts osapanga dzimbiri kapena ma rivets.Mosamala, kolonani mkati mwa galasi looneka ngati U ndikulowetsa mu chimango.

Dulani zigawo za pulasitiki zokhazikika mumitali yofananira ndikuziyika mu chimango chokhazikika.

Galasi yopangidwa ndi U ikayikidwa pagawo lomaliza, ndipo m'lifupi mwake m'mphepete mwake sangagwirizane ndi galasi lonse, galasi lopangidwa ndi U likhoza kudulidwa motsatira kutalika kwake kuti likwaniritse m'lifupi mwake.Mukayika, galasi lodulidwa lopangidwa ndi U liyenera kulowa mu chimango ndikuyika molingana ndi zomwe zili mu Article 5.

Mukayika zidutswa zitatu zomaliza za galasi lopangidwa ndi U, zidutswa ziwiri ziyenera kuyikidwa mu chimango choyamba, ndiyeno galasi lachitatu liyenera kusindikizidwa.

Sinthani kusiyana kwa kukula kwa kutentha pakati pa galasi looneka ngati U, makamaka m'madera omwe ali ndi kusiyana kwakukulu kwa kutentha kwa pachaka.

Pamene kutalika kwa galasi lopangidwa ndi U sikuposa 5m, kupatuka kovomerezeka kwa verticality ya chimango ndi 5mm;

Pamene yopingasa m'lifupi galasi woboola pakati U ndi wamkulu kuposa 2m, chololeka kupatuka kwa mlingo wa membala transverse ndi 3mm;pamene kutalika kwa galasi lopangidwa ndi U si lalikulu kuposa 6m, kupatuka kovomerezeka kwa kupatuka kwa membala kumakhala kosakwana 8mm.

Galasi yoyeretsera: Khoma likatha, yeretsani malo otsalawo.

Ikani ziwiya zotanuka mumpata pakati pa chimango ndi galasi, ndipo pamwamba pa mapepala ndi galasi ndi chimango sichiyenera kukhala osachepera 12mm.

Pamalo olumikizirana pakati pa chimango ndi galasi, galasi ndi galasi, chimango ndi kapangidwe kanyumba, lembani magalasi amtundu wa zotanuka zosindikizira (kapena silicone glue).

Katundu wonyamulidwa ndi chimango uyenera kuperekedwa mwachindunji ku nyumbayo, ndipo khoma lagalasi lopangidwa ndi U ndi lopanda katundu ndipo silingathe kupirira.

Mukayika galasi, pukutani mkati mwake, ndipo mukamaliza kukhazikitsa, pukutani dothi panja.

10. Mayendedwe

Nthawi zambiri, magalimoto amanyamula kuchokera kufakitale kupita kumalo omanga.Chifukwa cha momwe malo omangira, ndizovuta kutero.

Ndikoyenera kupeza malo athyathyathya ndi nyumba zosungiramo katundu koma kusunga galasi looneka ngati U kukhala lotetezeka komanso loyera.

Tengani njira zoyeretsera.

11. Chotsani

Wopanga magalasi ooneka ngati U adzakweza ndi kukweza galimotoyo ndi crane, ndipo gulu lomanga lidzatsitsa galimotoyo.Kupewa mavuto monga kuwonongeka, kuwonongeka kwa ma CD, ndi nthaka yosagwirizana chifukwa cha kusadziwa njira zotsitsa Zimachitika, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tiyimitse njira yotsitsa.

Pankhani ya katundu wa mphepo, kutalika kokwanira kwa galasi lopangidwa ndi U nthawi zambiri kumawerengedwa.

Dziwani njira yake yolimba yolimbana ndi mphepo: Galasi yooneka ngati U-U kutalika kwa utumiki, md—Kupanikizika kwa galasi looneka ngati U, N/mm2WF1—Phiko lopindika lagalasi looneka ngati U (onani Table 13.2 kuti mumve zambiri), cm3P—Mphepo Yonyamula katundu mtengo, kN/m2A—m’lifupi m’munsi mwa galasi looneka ngati U, m13.2 Modulus yopindika yagalasi yooneka ngati U yosiyana siyana.

Zindikirani: WF1: flexural modulus ya mapiko;Wst: flexural modulus ya pansi;Mtengo wa flexural modulus wa njira zosiyanasiyana zoyika.Pamene phiko likuyang'anizana ndi kayendetsedwe ka mphamvu, flexural modulus Wst ya mbale ya pansi imagwiritsidwa ntchito.Pamene mbale yapansi ikuyang'ana njira ya mphamvu, flexural modulus WF1 ya phiko imagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Mtengo wathunthu wa flexural modulus umagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene galasi lopangidwa ndi U liyikidwa kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo.M'nyengo yozizira, chifukwa cha kusiyana kwakukulu kwa kutentha pakati pa m'nyumba ndi kunja, mbali ya galasi yomwe ikuyang'ana m'nyumba imakhala yovuta kwambiri.Pankhani yogwiritsira ntchito galasi lokhala ndi mzere umodzi ndi mizere iwiri yooneka ngati U ngati envelopu ya nyumbayo, pamene kunja

Pamene kutentha kuli kochepa, ndipo kutentha kwa mkati ndi 20 ° C, mapangidwe a madzi osungunuka amagwirizana ndi kutentha kwa kunja ndi chinyezi chamkati.

Mgwirizano wa digiri ukuwonetsedwa pachithunzi pansipa:

 

Ubale pakati pa mapangidwe amadzi opindika m'magalasi owoneka ngati U ndi kutentha ndi chinyezi (tebuloli likutanthauza miyezo yaku Germany)

12. Ntchito yotchinga kutentha

Galasi lokhala ndi mawonekedwe a U okhala ndi magawo awiri osanjikiza amatengera zinthu zosiyanasiyana zodzazitsa, ndipo mphamvu yake yotengera kutentha imatha kufikira 2.8 ~ 1.84W/(m2 · K).Muyeso wa chitetezo cha German DIN18032, galasi lopangidwa ndi U limalembedwa ngati galasi lachitetezo (miyezo yoyenera m'dziko lathu silinatchulidwebe ngati galasi lachitetezo) ndipo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga masewera a mpira ndi kuyatsa padenga.Malinga ndi kuwerengera mphamvu, chitetezo cha galasi looneka ngati U ndi nthawi 4.5 kuposa galasi wamba.Galasi lopangidwa ndi U limakhala lokhalokha mu mawonekedwe a chigawocho.Pambuyo poika, mphamvu ya malo omwewo monga galasi lathyathyathya imawerengedwa ndi ndondomeko ya dera: Amax = α (0.2t1.6 + 0.8) / Wk, yomwe imasonyeza malo a galasi ndi mphamvu ya mphepo.Ubale wogwirizana.Magalasi opangidwa ndi U amafika ku mphamvu ya malo omwewo monga galasi lopsa mtima, ndipo mapiko awiriwa amamangiriridwa ndi sealant kuti apange chitetezo chonse cha galasi (ndi cha galasi lachitetezo mu DIN 1249-1055).

Galasi yooneka ngati U imayikidwa molunjika pakhoma lakunja.

13. Galasi yooneka ngati U-yoikidwa molunjika pakhoma lakunja